@Apistos To answer your post properly
Variation Exists Within Populations Individuals of a species show genetic and phenotypic differences.
That is observable.
Traits Are Heritable Many variations are passed from parents to offspring through genes.
That is basic Mendelan genetics
Overproduction of Offspring More individuals are born than the environment can support’
Has little or nothing to do with evolutionary theory
Struggle for Existence Limited resources lead to competition among individuals.
That is ecology not evolution
Natural Selection Individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
That is the accepted definition of Natural Selection. However, If the traits are not random then it is not such a factor.
Differential Reproduction Favorable traits become more common in the population over generations.
That is a consequence of Natural Selection and fairly obvious t’boot
Descent with Modification Species change over time, and new species can arise from common ancestors.
Species change over time is just a repetition of the above
I dispute whether evolutionary change is enough to speciate.
Speciation Accumulated changes can lead to the formation of new species.
That is obvious, however it ignore the “jumps” between species . That is crossing a division to make it a separate species as opposed to a subspecies
Common Ancestry All life shares a common origin, branching out over time.
Not in the understanding of science. Whether life started simply and developed is not in dispute. Exactely how it developed, that is by random deviations, is
Common Ancestry is assumed to mean by evolution alone.
Adaptation to Environment Organisms evolve traits that enhance survival in specific ecological niches.
You are still repeating yourself.
it is not the existence of new traits or the results of them that are ever contested. It is how they occure (and why)
Your criteraia is incomplete and very shallow. it ignors the processes involved in evolutionary change, which is the heart of the opposition , not only by me.
Evolution is not just genetics. Evolution needs the mechanisms to change the DNA coding, and to know how that coding just “works”. As it stands we get a “plug and Play” derived from a DNA lottery whereby all that is needed is to “find” the correct code and “House” we have a new trait!
Despite the complaints for the scientists here, the language used to describe evolutionart changes implies both diagnosis of a need, and the ability to just provide it on demand. That may just be narrative and presentation, but it is innaccurate. Evolution cannot plan. It cannot diagnose, it cannot just produce the right adaption, and it cannot just casusally combine traits just because the end result is better!
Evolution is driven by chance. It has to be. The only alternative is design or guidance which involves some sort of intelligence. Without God (Science cannot use God) there is no intelligence in creation.
As it stands evolutionary theory cannot exlplain
-
Why there is any devlopment at all (as opposed to decay) Evolution implies development.
-
How complex structures or ecological systems can be made up without an intelligent guidance or understanding
-
How a creature can become a new species and still be compatible with its parent.
-
That the DNA comparisons prove ancestry, when they do not even now what the coding is, or how it works. IOW they specify the dots but cannot show the mechanisms to join them.
-
Define what is a “small” change.
I have answered your qestion but not using the parameters you provided which were woefully inadequate
Richard