Look, Patrick, you need to start doing some very basic maths here.
You’re taking the way that gases behave on laboratory scale and assuming that they behave in exactly the same way on a galactic scale. They don’t.
The strength of the gravitational field due to a gas cloud at its edge is given by the inverse square law:
For a given density, the mass is proportional to the volume, in other words, to the radius cubed. For a spherical gas cloud:
Putting [2] into [1] gives:
In other words, for a gas cloud of a given density, the gravitational force that it exerts at its edge is proportional to its radius. Of course it will start to contract once it gets to a certain size.
Seriously, this is the basics. It’s beginner stuff. It’s the level of physics and maths that teenagers learn at school.