There are also a lot of other verses peppered throughout scripture that showcases in Paul’s mind that something was in fact happening then. He uses the same language there as in Matthew 24, Daniel and Revelation.
1 Corinthians 7:29-31
New American Standard Bible
29 But this I say, brothers, the time has been shortened, so that from now on those who have wives should be as though they had none; 30 and those who weep, as though they did not weep; and those who rejoice, as though they did not rejoice; and those who buy, as though they did not possess; 31 and those who use the world, as though they did not make full use of it; for the present form of this world is passing away.
In these verses Paul warns the disciples that the time has been shortened and that the present form of the world was passing away. He was writing this in his letter to the Corinthians concerning marriage, divorce and remarriage. He wanted those disciples at that church to be aware of these things happening.
Matthew 24 is where he mentions the destruction of the building. He even warns them that when they see the abomination in the holy place they need to flee. Flee so earnestly thru abandon their earthly treasures and run rooftop to rooftop.
Matthew 10:23
New American Standard Bible
23 “But whenever they persecute you in one city, flee to the next; for truly I say to you, you will not finish going through the cities of Israel until the Son of Man comes.
Shortly before the verse you posted we see this by Jesus.
Matthew 10:23
New American Standard Bible
23 “But whenever they persecute you in one city, flee to the next; for truly I say to you, you will not finish going through the cities of Israel until the Son of Man comes.
He lets them know they won’t even finish going through the cities of Israel before he comes.
Shortly after we see this.
Matthew 16:28
New American Standard Bible
28 “Truly I say to you, there are some of those who are standing here who will not taste death until they see the Son of Man coming in His kingdom.”
He says here ,” some will still be alive when he comes in his kingdom” . He was taking to literally those standing there .
So in light of everything when we read the word “ generation” it means just that. It would not fit with everything else to force it to mean jews 2000+ years down the road.
I don’t want to add all these verses here but this a link to them ( Isaiah 65:17-25). It talks about the “ new places” as well but mentions things like death still occurring.
The Bible Project Podcast has a fantastic free 100+ page workbook on this that I’ve just skimmed through. Soon I’ll work through it. Also a entire podcast series on heaven and earth thst helps tease out how to interpret the stories.
https://bibleproject.com/church-at-home/week17-heaven-and-earth/.
They also recently have done some work on revelation itself.
Enough to get a fairly good crash course on this subject from a scholar.