You’re only correct about this one narrow point: the passage in question does not provide an exhaustive list of Christian doctrines. But I never claimed that it did.
The relevant question is whether Scripture establishes an identifiable standard for distinguishing sound doctrine from false teaching, and whether it provides a means of preserving that doctrine. The answer to both questions is clearly yes.
This is what the New Testament actually teaches.
1. Sound doctrine is identified with the teaching received from the apostles (whoops)
Acts 2:42 tells us that the earliest Christians devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching.
In 2 Thessalonians 2:15, Paul commands Christians to preserve the traditions they received from the apostles, whether transmitted orally or in writing.
The standard, therefore, is not whatever interpretation an individual Christian happens to find persuasive. It is the apostolic faith that the Church received.
2. Scripture explicitly establishes the transmission and preservation of that teaching.
In 2 Timothy 2:2, Paul instructs Timothy to entrust what he received from Paul to faithful people capable of teaching others (thus continuing the apostolic mission).
In Titus 1:9, the qualifications for ecclesiastical leadership include holding firmly to the authentic teaching so that its ministers can instruct others in sound doctrine and refute those who contradict it.
This establishes a recognizable pattern: apostolic teaching is received, preserved, transmitted, authoritatively taught, and defended against error.
3. Scripture identifies the Church as the guardian of the truth.
In 1 Timothy 3:15, Paul explicitly describes the Church of the living God as the “pillar and foundation of truth.”
Notice that he does not describe the Church as an arbitrary collection of individuals whose mutually contradictory doctrinal interpretations are equally authoritative.
4. Scripture provides an actual example of how the Church resolves serious doctrinal disputes.
In Acts 15, Christians disagreed over whether Gentile converts needed circumcision and observance of the Mosaic Law for salvation.
What happened?
The apostles and presbyters assembled, considered the dispute, and reached a decision that was communicated to the churches.
Their declaration was introduced with the words:“It is the decision of the holy Spirit and of us” (Acts 15:28).
Acts 16:4 subsequently records that these decisions were delivered to the churches for observance.
In short: a controversy concerning Christian teaching was resolved through the collective judgment of recognized ecclesiastical authorities.
The Council of Jerusalem in Acts 15 established the apostolic precedent for subsequent ecumenical councils, and while the apostles’ unique, foundational role was not transmitted to their successors their mission of teaching, governing, and preserving the apostolic faith, however, was continued through the bishops who succeeded them.
5. Most importantly, the very chapter that commands unity in faith also explains how Christ intended that unity to be fostered and protected.
Ephesians 4:5 declares that Christians share “one Lord, one faith, one baptism.”
But read what follows: Ephesians 4:11–14 explains that Christ established apostles, evangelists, pastors, and teachers to build up His Church, bring believers to unity in faith, and protect them from being carried away by erroneous teaching.
The passage itself connects doctrinal unity with Christ’s establishment of teaching ministries within His Church.
So the New Testament gives us:
-
The doctrinal standard: the apostolic teaching.
-
The means of transmission: faithful teachers entrusted with preserving that teaching. *
-
The ecclesial responsibility: safeguarding the truth and correcting doctrinal error.
-
The practical precedent: the apostles and presbyters resolving a serious controversy and communicating their decision to the churches.
-
The objective: unity in the faith rather than fragmentation through incompatible teachings.
So the observation that one particular verse does not enumerate every Christian doctrine does absolutely nothing to undermine the biblical principle that sound doctrine is identifiable, must be preserved, and is entrusted to the Church’s teaching ministry. This comes from the Bible itself.
Edit: *The institution of ecclesiastical overseers (episkopoi, the Greek term from which the English word bishops derives) is already documented in the New Testament. Titus 1:5–9, Acts 20:17–31 and 1 Timothy 3:1–7, and then, as I have already mentioned, we have the extraordinarily important extrabiblical testimony of Clement of Rome, who attests to the principle of apostolic succession in chapters 42 and 44 of his First Letter to the Corinthians. He explains that the apostles appointed bishops and deacons and, anticipating future disputes over ecclesiastical office, made provisions for other approved men to succeed them in their ministry after their deaths. In other words, Clement testifies that the apostles themselves intended the ecclesiastical ministry they had established to continue through successive generations. Apostolic succession was therefore , as I said, not a later innovation, but a principle already attested by one of the earliest Christian witnesses. This is obviously of enormous significance, because it demonstrates that the teaching authority entrusted to the apostles ( those very men to whom Christ said, “Whoever receives you receives me” (Matthew 10:40) ) was not intended to die with them, but to continue through the ecclesiastical ministry they established and provided with successors. And the claim that Christians had already fundamentally misunderstood the Gospel by AD 96 (Right at the threshold of the post-apostolic age), while not inherently impossible, would require extraordinarily compelling evidence to be credible