I’m not American.
Ths situation in my country is the same as in Western Europe, because my country is part of Western Europe.[1] I have lived, worked and studied in many different parts of Western Europe.
So when you say Western European universities are a relentless fabric of Marxists and materialists, I know that’s complete bollocks because I was there.
Or Northern Europe, depending which grouping is used. But if so, Italy isn’t in Western Europe either. ↩︎
Then we just had different experiences, that’s all. Watch Benedict Beckeld, it’s interesting.
And Spartaco Pupo https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Spartaco-Pupo even wrote a book on the subject , specifically on the Italian case https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285601951_Oikophobic_prejudice_against_nation_in_the_contemporary_political_thought_the_Italian_case .
Spartaco Pupo Pupo argues that Italian intellectuals undervalue our national cultural and philosophical inheritance and he extends this argument to universities as well, so I haven’t said anything outlandish.
Easy to show why evolution cannot be reconciled with Genesis. Genesis says the first woman was created by God from a part of a man. Evolution cannot agree in any way with this.
Probably. But I don’t claim my experiences apply across the whole of Western Europe and I don’t tell people what their own experience was.
For the sake of readers – I know you aren’t interested in learning such things, but what a story “says” and what it teaches are two different things. The difference lies in the sort of literature with which one is dealing.
Bill, “resetting my clock” Haha! You’re completely right that cyanobacteria react to the sun as an internal biochemical timer. But when we look at the actual biology of how fungi function alongside the exact wording of the text, there is a world of difference between a metabolic reaction to light and something functioning as a literal sign.
Notice also that on Day 4, the text deliberately avoids naming the sun and moon. It simply calls them the greater light and the lesser light. The Hebrew word used here for lights (me’orot) can actually refer to the light itself rather than the physical source. It’s simply describing a greater amount of light during the day and a lesser amount of light at night. Furthermore, Genesis says these lights are set in the firmament. In my remapped flat earth imagery model, the firmament maps to the lithosphere—the Earth’s solid crust. So, we aren’t talking about looking up at space; we are talking about these different wavelengths of light physically interacting with the ground to navigate the terrain.
This is exactly where the distinction between cyanobacteria and fungi shines. Through an elegant biochemical loop, cyanobacteria effectively measure daylight hours by keeping tabs on their own energy levels. Studies have shown that when scientists bypass light completely and simply feed these bacteria sugar in a dark lab, their internal clocks can be fully synchronized by the feeding schedule alone—proving that metabolism, not light itself, is the primary driver. Their relationship with light is fundamentally metabolic; they are essentially consuming it as fuel. They aren’t looking at light as an external sign to navigate their surroundings.
Fungi, on the other hand, use light strictly as information. Fungi are completely non-photosynthetic organisms. They don’t eat light, yet they possess highly advanced, dedicated photoreceptor networks. Remarkably, fungi can detect a full spectrum of separate light inputs, including white, red, and blue wavelengths, using specialized proteins like phytochromes (for red light) and the White Collar complex (for blue light). Because they don’t use light for fuel, they use it purely for navigation right there in the soil. They use these different wavelengths of light as an external compass to figure out where the surface is, steering their underground threads through the crust and triggering the release of their spores out into the wind.
Back on Day 1, light was introduced, but it was completely diffused through a thick, global primordial haze. The light was there—which is all cyanobacteria need to run their metabolic and chemical rhythms—but there wasn’t a clear difference between day and night light levels actually reaching down into the soil. You cannot have an ot (a beacon or distinct sign) until you have an observer equipped with an information network designed to read it.
Day 4 marks the exact moment this light variation hits the lithosphere as a sharp, clear signal, precisely matching the era when complex eukaryotic fungi arrived on the scene with the specialized, non-photosynthetic navigational equipment necessary to read those wavelengths on the ground. The clock didn’t need resetting; the light just finally became an active roadmap for an observer who could actually read it!
Have you read anything I’ve said in this thread? Starting here:
From the original paper. Emphasis mine.
They are using the light as “a timekeeping mechanism”. So no, you don’t get to skip resetting your clock. Yes I know it messes up your tidy math but that is the way the cyanobacteria crumbles.
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