So here is my image of a genealogy, going from a population in the distant past (at the top) forward (to the bottom).
Squares are men.
Circles are women.
Lines show parentage.
Blue squares trace the lineage of the Y-Chromosome Adam.
Red circles trace the lineage of the mitochondria Eve.
Dark lines mark all individuals that are common ancestors of the youngest generation.
This should make clear that mitoEve and YAdam are separate concepts from the MRCA. It makes no difference how long ago mitoEve and YAdam lived, and if they ever met each other. This tells us nothing about our MRCA.
I am asserting that Adam and Even could have been common ancestors of us all (any couple in the thick line group), and this would largely leave orthodox theology intact. This does not make them our unique common ancestors (but that isn’t the case in the orthodox account either). Remember, we see clear textual evidence that humans are not a pure line to Adam.
In fact, it is possible that God created Adam and Eve de novo (among a population of other humans with whom they were genetically compatible). So we can still hold to the story of the dust and rib if we want to too.
The one thing this account challenges is the “sole progenitorship” of Adam, which I would argue is an extra-biblical claim altogether. It tells us no where in scripture that Adam and Eve are our sole-progenitors. In fact it tells us the opposite, that we are not pure, in the Nephalim story.
Does that clarify some more the distinctions I have been making?
Evolution does not rule out a historical couple in the distant past who are common ancestors of us all, or even that they were de novo created. It does, however, seem to contradict the notion that they are our sole-progenitors. However, if I just let sole-progenitorship go, this does not seem to impute error on scripture in any way, and this is clearly a model with a historical Adam. So that is why I say evolution does not rule out a historical Adam.
Remarkably (and I only recently learned this from the literature), in this model Adam and Eve could have been very recent, within the last 10,000 years. So this model might even be consistent with the geneology counting chronologies that YECs do with Genesis. That does not even need to be abandoned in this model, especially if we take @JohnWalton’s temple inauguration seriously. That could have taken place 6,000 years ago, over 6 literal days, with a literal Adam and Eve that are ancestors of us all. None of this would contradict what mainstream science tells us about evolution.