There was both continuity and discontinuity, according to the Bible.
And thatās why the Kalam argument ultimately fails, in my estimation. At its heart there his a shift in the burden of proof.
There are other evidences that lead me to believe that big bang cosmology is one more thing among many that points to the Creator, however.
WLCās KCA is utterly pathetic. Eternity is the greatest single fact. It completely ignores it.
God is eternal. This universe had a beginning, along with time. Alternate universes and other timelines are just speculation.
The spiritual realm is another matter ā we have objective evidence for Godās cool providential interventions into his childrenās lives. That kind of implies a person ought to want to be one. Why wouldnāt you?!
Clouds have a beginning, yet they have natural causes. We donāt know if time started with our universe or if time existed prior to our universe.
If youāll check, math and physics prove that time had a beginning. The relativistic equation is pretty simple.
Perhaps you could point me to the evidence for time beginning with our universe?
I can find the equation for you easily enough. @Klax could quote it for you, Iām pretty sure.
Equations arenāt evidence. I can write an equation where gravity is a repulsive force, but that doesnāt make the equation evidence for repulsive gravity.
The answer is we canāt know, according to this by Ethan Siegel (I think Hawking would have concurred):
I choose to believe the Bible, along with some other evidence validating it ā there was a created beginning. I pretty much canāt not.
LIKE WHAT???
GODāS PROVIDENTIAL INTERVENTIONS INTO THE LIVES OF HIS CHILDREN. XD Ā
Never mind. I thought we were still on universe stuff.
āIn the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.ā (Genesis 1:1)
Whether or not this included the creation of time, space, matter or energy, would you agree it describes an āunnaturalā cause or some sort?

Whether or not this included the creation of time, space, matter or energy, would you agree it describes an āunnaturalā cause or some sort?
Thatās the claim. I am more interested in the evidence.
There was a beginning event to ānatureā as we know it. We have evidence. Without space, time, material (including energy) there is no ānatureā. So what āprecededā the beginning of time and caused it was āunnaturalā or āsupernaturalā.

There was a beginning event to ānatureā as we know it. We have evidence. Without space, time, material (including energy) there is no ānatureā. So what āprecededā the beginning of time was āunnaturalā or āsupernaturalā.
The conclusion does not follow from the premises.
What is ānatureā? Nature had a beginning.