Why, in an age of grace, should a couple die with no chance of repentance offered? How would a congregation of believers celebrating resurrection think of this death? A swarm of questions would have haunted the people’s minds in the community. This situation has a few analogous incidents found in the OT. The death of this couple evokes the holiness of the unapproachable Mount Zion (Exod 19:10–25), where the people of Israel had to sanctify themselves before they could meet God. On this occasion, Moses had instructed people not to touch the mountain and thus set the limits for those who ought to leave a distance between themselves and their Holy God.
What is interesting is Luke’s usage of this story. Luke refers to Simon Magus, the arch-heretic (Acts 8:9, 10), as many other deceivers are recorded in the NT (Rom 16:18; 2 Cor 11:13; Eph 4:14; 2 Tim 3:13; Titus 1:10). Using this contrast, Luke creates a vivid picture describing a community in which the Spirit profoundly controls the atmosphere.
While Barnabas’s example serves to highlight the unity of the Spirit in the church, the story of Ananias and Sapphira serves, ironically in an equally positive sense, to show how the holiness of God amid His people cannot be infringed. Barnabas exemplifies encouragement or consolation; this is in sharp contrast to what Ananias and Sapphira evoke regarding their sudden deaths resulting from sin.
Both of them knew what it was to be filled with the Spirit. They listened to the apostles’ teaching, saw the miracles, and shared the fellowship. But their actions were guided by selfish motives, not by the Holy Spirit, as Barnabas’s actions had been.
Peter asked Ananias how it was that (or, “why,” KJV, NASB) Satan (“the Adversary”) had filled his heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and keep back for himself part of the price of the land. The question “Why?” draws attention to the fact that their action was voluntary; there was no excuse for what they did.
Before they sold it, it remained theirs, and they were under no compulsion to sell it. After they sold it, it was still “at their disposal.’ Nothing was compelling them to give it all.
Satan was behind the hypocrisy and lie of Ananias and Sapphira. It seems that because of their jealousy, unbelief, and love of money, the Spirit of the Lord was grieved, and they lost out with God (. Matt. 6:24; Luke 16:13; 1 Tim. 6:10).
These things did not happen overnight.
But by the time they conspired together, Satan had filled their hearts, and there was no room for the Holy Spirit to remain there. Thus they became willing agents of Satan—who is a thief determined to “ ‘steal and kill and destroy ” John 10:10.
This swift judgement is seen in Joshua 7:1 with Achan, then Uzzah. In the story of Uzzah and the Ark (2 Samuel 6:1-7), we have the ark transported, the oxen pulling the cart stumbled, and Uzzah took hold of the ark. God’s anger burned against Uzzah, and He struck him down, and he died. Why? The Sons of Korah were prohibited from touching the ark Num 4:15.
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Num 4:15 And when Aaron and his sons have finished covering the sanctuary and all the furnishings of the sanctuary when the camp is set to go, then the sons of Kohath shall come to carry them; but they shall not touch any holy thing, lest they die
Moreover, the Scripture tells the sad endings of two priests, Nadab and Abihu, the two sons of Aaron who led worship in the sanctuary with a statute and were struck dead right in the holy place (Lev 10:1–3; Exod 28:1; 29:9).
A heavenly fire had once come down, bursting from God’s presence into the tabernacle to burn the sacrifice they had dedicated to the Lord; the same fire now fell to strike them down.
They had made themselves culpable by profanely and presumptuously dishonouring God. Nadab and Abihu’s act of worship was not made holy according to God’s prescribed procedures and were thus unconsecrated.
It is also clear that in lying to the Holy Spirit who guided the Church, the believers, and the apostles, they were lying to God, for sin is always against God.
While Ananias was still listening to Peter, “having fallen down, he expired. This was indeed severe punishment. But God brought this judgment near the beginning of the Church’s history to let the Church know what He thinks of unbelief, greed, and self-seeking hypocrisy that lies to God.
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1 Pet. 4:17 For it is time for judgment to begin at the household of God; and if it begins with us, what will be the outcome for those who do not obey the gospel of God?
I wonder if God is often more severe in times of beginning. As mentioned above, when the sons of Aaron offered “unauthorized pagan fire” before the Lord, fire came out from the manifest presence of the Lord in the Holy of Holies and struck them down (Lev. 10:1–2).
After that, the people were more careful to seek God for His way of doing things.
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